P0421: Warm up catalyst efficiency below threshold (bank 1)
The small warm up catalytic converter on bank 1 is no longer cleaning the exhaust well. It may be worn out, or an oxygen sensor may be misreading.
| Code | P0421 |
|---|---|
| System | Engine and transmission |
| Group | P04xx, Emissions control |
| Type | Generic: it means the same on every make |
| Can you keep driving? | With care |
What P0421 means
Some cars have a warm up catalyst close to the exhaust manifold so it starts working quickly from cold. The ECU compares the oxygen sensors before and after it and has found that it is no longer storing and converting gases well. Bank 1 is the side of the engine with cylinder 1; inline engines only have bank 1.
Most common causes
- Exhaust leak near the oxygen sensors (gasket or pipe)
- Slow or faulty downstream oxygen sensor (sensor 2)
- Corroded oxygen sensor connector
- Worn out or damaged catalytic converter
- Misfires or oil burning that have damaged the converter
Symptoms
- Engine warning light on
- Failing an emissions test
- Rotten egg smell from the exhaust
- Sometimes loss of power if the converter is blocked
Can you drive with P0421?
With care You can drive, but if there are misfires or the converter becomes blocked, it can get worse. Take it to a garage soon and before the next inspection.
How to check it
With the engine warm, watch the oxygen sensor voltages on your reader: the upstream one (sensor 1) should switch quickly and the downstream one (sensor 2) should stay fairly steady. If both switch the same way, the converter is worn.
How to read and clear P0421 with Final OBD
Plug an OBD2 scanner in under the steering wheel, switch the ignition on and open Final OBD. Under Faults you’ll see P0421 with this same explanation and whether it’s confirmed, pending or permanent.
With Free you read this code with its short description for nothing, and clear it if the engine stores it over standard OBD. With Pro you get the full explanation, how the car was running when it was logged (revs, temperature, load) and clearing in every control unit.
Clearing the code only turns the light off: if the cause is still there, it comes back. Clear it once it’s fixed, and not right before the ITV. It’s all in how to read and clear fault codes and in the ITV and OBD.
Similar codes
- P0411 Secondary air injection incorrect flow detected
- P0412 Secondary air switching valve A circuit malfunction
- P0418 Secondary air injection relay A circuit malfunction
- P0420 Catalytic converter efficiency below threshold (bank 1)
- P0430 Catalytic converter efficiency below threshold (bank 2)
- P0431 Warm up catalyst efficiency below threshold (bank 2)
- P0440 Evaporative emission (EVAP) system malfunction
- P0441 EVAP system incorrect purge flow
- P0400 Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) flow malfunction
- P0401 Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) flow insufficient
- P0402 Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) flow excessive
- P0403 EGR control circuit malfunction
P0421 is a generic code, so it means the same on any make, for example on Audi, Fiat, Mazda, Opel / Vauxhall, Peugeot, Toyota. See what Final OBD does on your car in makes and models.
What does code P0421 mean?
Some cars have a warm up catalyst close to the exhaust manifold so it starts working quickly from cold. The ECU compares the oxygen sensors before and after it and has found that it is no longer storing and converting gases well. Bank 1 is the side of the engine with cylinder 1; inline engines only have bank 1.
Can you drive with P0421?
You can drive, but if there are misfires or the converter becomes blocked, it can get worse. Take it to a garage soon and before the next inspection.
How do you clear P0421?
With an OBD2 scanner and an app like Final OBD, which clears it for free if it’s stored by the engine control unit. But clearing it only turns the light off: if the cause isn’t fixed, P0421 comes back.
Read it on your car
Final OBD reads the faults of every control unit for free, including each make’s own codes, and with Pro explains each one in plain English. Free clears engine faults at no cost.
Coming soon
Mid to late October 2026
If you want to try it in your car before anyone else, send us your email and we will add you as a tester.
info@finalobd.com